diff --git a/vscode/src/git/worktree.ts b/vscode/src/git/worktree.ts
index 2fda7e2..0edb555 100644
--- a/vscode/src/git/worktree.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/git/worktree.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * Thin wrapper around `git worktree add -b` for the 实施 flow.
- *
- * We invoke the system `git` binary via `execFile` rather than depend on a
- * git library — keeps the surface minimal and lets the user benefit from
- * whatever git they already have configured.
+ * git worktree 的薄封装：实施流用 ensureWorktree 保证「这个 feature 有一个可用
+ * worktree」，不依赖 git 库，走用户机器上的系统 git。
  */
 
 import { execFile } from 'node:child_process'
@@ -30,43 +27,123 @@ export function resolveWorktreePath(stored: string, workspaceRoot: string): stri
 }
 
 export interface WorktreeOpts {
-  /** Absolute path to the main workspace root. */
   workspaceRoot: string
-  /** Absolute path of the worktree to create. */
+  /** 模板 path；① 已有 live worktree 时返回值可能与此不同。 */
   worktreePath: string
-  /** New branch name; e.g. `feature/abcd1234`. */
   branch: string
 }
 
-/**
- * Create a new git worktree with a freshly-created branch off current HEAD.
- *   git -C <workspaceRoot> worktree add <worktreePath> -b <branch>
- *
- * Rejects with a descriptive Error if git exits non-zero. The caller should
- * surface stderr to the user via a toast.
- */
-export async function createWorktree(opts: WorktreeOpts): Promise<void> {
-  const { workspaceRoot, worktreePath, branch } = opts
-  return new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
-    execFile(
-      'git',
-      ['-C', workspaceRoot, 'worktree', 'add', worktreePath, '-b', branch],
-      { timeout: 30_000 },
-      (err, _stdout, stderr) => {
-        if (err) {
-          // execFile sets `err.code` for non-zero exits; for spawn failures
-          // (e.g. git not on PATH) it's a string like 'ENOENT'.
-          const code = (err as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code ?? 'unknown'
-          const trimmed = (stderr ?? '').toString().trim() || err.message
-          reject(new Error(`git worktree add 失败 (${code}): ${trimmed}`))
-          return
-        }
-        resolve()
-      },
-    )
+function runGit(workspaceRoot: string, args: string[], failLabel?: string): Promise<string> {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    execFile('git', ['-C', workspaceRoot, ...args], { timeout: 30_000 }, (err, stdout, stderr) => {
+      if (err) {
+        // execFile: 非零退出是数字 code；git 不在 PATH 时是 'ENOENT'
+        const code = (err as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code ?? 'unknown'
+        const trimmed = (stderr ?? '').toString().trim() || err.message
+        const label = failLabel ?? `git ${args.join(' ')}`
+        reject(new Error(`${label} 失败 (${code}): ${trimmed}`))
+        return
+      }
+      resolve((stdout ?? '').toString())
+    })
   })
 }
 
+async function pathExists(p: string): Promise<boolean> {
+  try {
+    await fsp.stat(p)
+    return true
+  }
+  catch {
+    return false
+  }
+}
+
+function parseWorktreePorcelain(stdout: string): Array<{ path: string, branch: string | null, prunable: boolean }> {
+  const entries: Array<{ path: string, branch: string | null, prunable: boolean }> = []
+  let current: { path: string, branch: string | null, prunable: boolean } | null = null
+  const flush = (): void => {
+    if (current?.path)
+      entries.push(current)
+    current = null
+  }
+  for (const line of stdout.split('\n')) {
+    if (line.startsWith('worktree ')) {
+      flush()
+      current = { path: line.slice('worktree '.length), branch: null, prunable: false }
+      continue
+    }
+    if (!current)
+      continue
+    if (line.startsWith('branch ')) {
+      const ref = line.slice('branch '.length)
+      current.branch = ref.startsWith('refs/heads/') ? ref.slice('refs/heads/'.length) : ref
+    }
+    else if (line === 'detached') {
+      current.branch = null
+    }
+    else if (line === 'prunable' || line.startsWith('prunable ')) {
+      current.prunable = true
+    }
+    else if (line === '') {
+      flush()
+    }
+  }
+  flush()
+  return entries
+}
+
+async function findLiveWorktreeForBranch(workspaceRoot: string, branch: string): Promise<string | undefined> {
+  const stdout = await runGit(workspaceRoot, ['worktree', 'list', '--porcelain'])
+  for (const entry of parseWorktreePorcelain(stdout)) {
+    if (entry.prunable || entry.branch !== branch)
+      continue
+    if (await pathExists(entry.path))
+      return entry.path
+  }
+  return undefined
+}
+
+async function localBranchExists(workspaceRoot: string, branch: string): Promise<boolean> {
+  try {
+    await runGit(workspaceRoot, ['show-ref', '--verify', '--quiet', `refs/heads/${branch}`])
+    return true
+  }
+  catch {
+    return false
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 保证这个 feature 有一个可用 worktree。优先复用 live，绝不删 feature 分支
+ * —— 拖到「进行中」是开始实施，不是销毁上次进度。
+ */
+export async function ensureWorktree(opts: WorktreeOpts): Promise<string> {
+  const { workspaceRoot, branch } = opts
+  const worktreePath = path.resolve(opts.worktreePath)
+
+  // ① 该 branch 已在某个 live worktree → 原路返回（path ≠ 模板也不搬，避免丢未提交改动）
+  const live = await findLiveWorktreeForBranch(workspaceRoot, branch)
+  if (live) {
+    console.log(`[superpowers] 复用已有 worktree ${live} (${branch})`)
+    return live
+  }
+
+  // ② 模板 path 被垃圾占着（存在，但不是本仓库该 branch 的 live worktree）
+  if (await pathExists(worktreePath)) {
+    killProcessesUsingWorktree(worktreePath)
+    await removeWorktreeDir(workspaceRoot, worktreePath)
+    console.log(`[superpowers] 已清模板路径垃圾 ${worktreePath}`)
+  }
+
+  const branchExists = await localBranchExists(workspaceRoot, branch)
+  const addArgs = branchExists
+    ? ['worktree', 'add', worktreePath, branch] // ③ 有分支无 live worktree → 不加 -b，挂上已有分支，保留 commit
+    : ['worktree', 'add', worktreePath, '-b', branch] // ④ 分支也不存在 → -b 新建
+  await runGit(workspaceRoot, addArgs, 'git worktree add')
+  return worktreePath
+}
+
 /**
  * 删除一个 worktree 目录并清掉 git 侧注册。
  *
diff --git a/vscode/src/panel/handlers/sessions.ts b/vscode/src/panel/handlers/sessions.ts
index a8caab4..f98f48b 100644
--- a/vscode/src/panel/handlers/sessions.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/panel/handlers/sessions.ts
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import { resolveProfilePath } from '../../cc/profiles'
 import { getBrainstormContinuePrompt, getImplementPlanPrompt } from '../../cc/prompts'
 import { projectsDirFor, watchForNewSession } from '../../cc/sessionWatcher'
 import { detectRepo } from '../../git/remote'
-import { createWorktree, resolveWorktreePath } from '../../git/worktree'
+import { ensureWorktree, resolveWorktreePath } from '../../git/worktree'
 import { updateIssueAssignees } from '../../gitea/api'
 import { logger } from '../../logging/logger'
 import { getSettings } from '../../settings/store'
@@ -766,45 +766,7 @@ export async function handleImplement(
   // 留空时回退到默认 ~/Sources/worktree/<项目>/<slug>。
   const worktreeTemplate = getSettings(panel.context).worktreeDirectory
     || '~/Sources/worktree/$project_name/$feature_name'
-  const worktreePath = resolveWorktreeDir(worktreeTemplate, workspaceRoot, slug)
-
-  // Pre-flight: refuse if either the directory or the branch already
-  // exists, since `git worktree add -b` would fail and we'd have to
-  // unwind partial state.
-  let worktreeExists = false
-  try {
-    await fsp.stat(worktreePath)
-    worktreeExists = true
-  }
-  catch {
-    // ENOENT — good.
-  }
-  let branchExists = false
-  try {
-    branchExists = await new Promise<boolean>((resolve) => {
-      execFile(
-        'git',
-        ['-C', workspaceRoot, 'branch', '--list', branch],
-        { timeout: 10_000 },
-        (err, stdout) => {
-          if (err) {
-            resolve(false)
-            return
-          }
-          resolve((stdout ?? '').trim().length > 0)
-        },
-      )
-    })
-  }
-  catch {
-    branchExists = false
-  }
-  if (worktreeExists || branchExists) {
-    void window.showErrorMessage(
-      `feature ${slug} 的 worktree 或分支已存在，请先清理`,
-    )
-    return
-  }
+  let worktreePath = resolveWorktreeDir(worktreeTemplate, workspaceRoot, slug)
 
   // 工单级 profilePath > 默认 fallback。工单的 profile 锁定可在工单详情面板里覆盖。
   const effectiveProfilePath = panel.resolveImplementProfilePath(profilePath)
@@ -834,20 +796,19 @@ export async function handleImplement(
     return
   }
 
-  // Create the worktree before anything else, so a worktree-add failure
-  // doesn't leave half-written state behind.
+  // 先保证 worktree 可用：后面写 state / 开终端都依赖实际 path。
   try {
     // worktree 现在建在工作区外（~/Sources/worktree/<项目>/...），父目录可能不存在；
     // git worktree add 不会创建多层父目录，先补齐。
     await fsp.mkdir(path.dirname(worktreePath), { recursive: true })
-    await createWorktree({ workspaceRoot, worktreePath, branch })
+    worktreePath = await ensureWorktree({ workspaceRoot, worktreePath, branch })
   }
   catch (err) {
     const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)
     logger.add({
       level: 'error',
       source: 'implement',
-      message: 'git worktree add 失败',
+      message: 'ensureWorktree 失败',
       details: message,
     })
     void window.showErrorMessage(message)
diff --git a/vscode/test/git/worktreeEnsure.test.ts b/vscode/test/git/worktreeEnsure.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e8d39a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vscode/test/git/worktreeEnsure.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+import { execFileSync } from 'node:child_process'
+import { existsSync, promises as fsp, rmSync, writeFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import * as os from 'node:os'
+import * as path from 'node:path'
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { ensureWorktree } from '../../src/git/worktree'
+
+interface Fixture {
+  root: string
+  repo: string
+  templatePath: string
+}
+
+const gitEnv: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {
+  ...process.env,
+  GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM: '1',
+  GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL: '/dev/null',
+  GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT: '0',
+  GIT_AUTHOR_NAME: 'ensure-test',
+  GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL: 'ensure@test.local',
+  GIT_COMMITTER_NAME: 'ensure-test',
+  GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL: 'ensure@test.local',
+}
+
+function git(cwd: string, args: string[]): string {
+  return execFileSync('git', ['-C', cwd, ...args], { encoding: 'utf8', env: gitEnv }).trim()
+}
+
+async function setupRepo(): Promise<Fixture> {
+  const root = await fsp.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'sw-ensure-'))
+  const repo = path.join(root, 'sw-ensure', 'repo')
+  await fsp.mkdir(repo, { recursive: true })
+  git(repo, ['init', '-b', 'main'])
+  git(repo, ['config', 'user.email', 'ensure@test.local'])
+  git(repo, ['config', 'user.name', 'ensure-test'])
+  writeFileSync(path.join(repo, 'README.md'), 'hello\n')
+  git(repo, ['add', 'README.md'])
+  git(repo, ['commit', '-m', 'init'])
+  const templatePath = path.join(root, 'sw-ensure', 'wt', 'feature-x')
+  await fsp.mkdir(path.dirname(templatePath), { recursive: true })
+  return { root, repo, templatePath }
+}
+
+async function cleanup(fx: Fixture | undefined): Promise<void> {
+  if (!fx)
+    return
+  try {
+    const out = git(fx.repo, ['worktree', 'list', '--porcelain'])
+    const extras: string[] = []
+    for (const line of out.split('\n')) {
+      if (!line.startsWith('worktree '))
+        continue
+      const p = line.slice('worktree '.length)
+      if (path.resolve(p) !== path.resolve(fx.repo))
+        extras.push(p)
+    }
+    for (const p of extras) {
+      try {
+        git(fx.repo, ['worktree', 'remove', '--force', p])
+      }
+      catch {
+        rmSync(p, { recursive: true, force: true })
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  catch {
+    // repo 可能已残，下面整棵 tmp 仍要删
+  }
+  rmSync(fx.root, { recursive: true, force: true })
+}
+
+describe('ensureWorktree', () => {
+  let fx: Fixture | undefined
+
+  afterEach(async () => {
+    await cleanup(fx)
+    fx = undefined
+  })
+
+  it('本地已有 feature 分支且无 worktree 时挂上该分支并保留 commit', async () => {
+    fx = await setupRepo()
+    git(fx.repo, ['checkout', '-b', 'feature/x'])
+    writeFileSync(path.join(fx.repo, 'README.md'), 'hello\nextra-1\n')
+    git(fx.repo, ['add', 'README.md'])
+    git(fx.repo, ['commit', '-m', 'extra 1'])
+    writeFileSync(path.join(fx.repo, 'README.md'), 'hello\nextra-1\nextra-2\n')
+    git(fx.repo, ['add', 'README.md'])
+    git(fx.repo, ['commit', '-m', 'extra 2'])
+    writeFileSync(path.join(fx.repo, 'README.md'), 'hello\nextra-1\nextra-2\nextra-3\n')
+    git(fx.repo, ['add', 'README.md'])
+    git(fx.repo, ['commit', '-m', 'extra 3'])
+    git(fx.repo, ['checkout', 'main'])
+    const ahead = git(fx.repo, ['log', '--oneline', 'main..feature/x'])
+    expect(ahead.split('\n').filter(Boolean).length).toBe(3)
+
+    const actual = await ensureWorktree({
+      workspaceRoot: fx.repo,
+      worktreePath: fx.templatePath,
+      branch: 'feature/x',
+    })
+
+    expect(path.resolve(actual)).toBe(path.resolve(fx.templatePath))
+    expect(git(actual, ['rev-parse', '--abbrev-ref', 'HEAD'])).toBe('feature/x')
+    expect(git(fx.repo, ['log', '--oneline', 'main..feature/x'])).toBe(ahead)
+    expect(git(actual, ['rev-parse', 'HEAD'])).toBe(git(fx.repo, ['rev-parse', 'feature/x']))
+  })
+
+  it('分支和 worktree 都不存在时创建新分支 worktree', async () => {
+    fx = await setupRepo()
+
+    const actual = await ensureWorktree({
+      workspaceRoot: fx.repo,
+      worktreePath: fx.templatePath,
+      branch: 'feature/fresh',
+    })
+
+    expect(path.resolve(actual)).toBe(path.resolve(fx.templatePath))
+    expect(git(actual, ['rev-parse', '--abbrev-ref', 'HEAD'])).toBe('feature/fresh')
+    expect(git(fx.repo, ['show-ref', '--verify', '--quiet', 'refs/heads/feature/fresh'])).toBe('')
+  })
+
+  it('该 branch 已有 live worktree 时返回已有 path，不建第二个', async () => {
+    fx = await setupRepo()
+    git(fx.repo, ['branch', 'feature/x'])
+    const existing = path.join(fx.root, 'sw-ensure', 'wt', 'already-here')
+    await fsp.mkdir(path.dirname(existing), { recursive: true })
+    git(fx.repo, ['worktree', 'add', existing, 'feature/x'])
+
+    const actual = await ensureWorktree({
+      workspaceRoot: fx.repo,
+      worktreePath: fx.templatePath,
+      branch: 'feature/x',
+    })
+
+    expect(path.resolve(actual)).toBe(path.resolve(existing))
+    expect(existsSync(fx.templatePath)).toBe(false)
+    expect(git(existing, ['rev-parse', '--abbrev-ref', 'HEAD'])).toBe('feature/x')
+    const listed = git(fx.repo, ['worktree', 'list', '--porcelain'])
+    const wtLines = listed.split('\n').filter(l => l.startsWith('worktree '))
+    expect(wtLines).toHaveLength(2)
+  })
+
+  it('模板 path 是垃圾目录且分支不存在时删掉后 add -b 成功', async () => {
+    fx = await setupRepo()
+    await fsp.mkdir(fx.templatePath, { recursive: true })
+    writeFileSync(path.join(fx.templatePath, 'junk.txt'), 'garbage')
+
+    const actual = await ensureWorktree({
+      workspaceRoot: fx.repo,
+      worktreePath: fx.templatePath,
+      branch: 'feature/fresh',
+    })
+
+    expect(path.resolve(actual)).toBe(path.resolve(fx.templatePath))
+    expect(git(actual, ['rev-parse', '--abbrev-ref', 'HEAD'])).toBe('feature/fresh')
+    expect(existsSync(path.join(fx.templatePath, 'junk.txt'))).toBe(false)
+    expect(existsSync(path.join(fx.templatePath, 'README.md'))).toBe(true)
+  })
+
+  it('无 leftover 时可重复调用，第二次返回同一 path', async () => {
+    fx = await setupRepo()
+
+    const first = await ensureWorktree({
+      workspaceRoot: fx.repo,
+      worktreePath: fx.templatePath,
+      branch: 'feature/x',
+    })
+    const second = await ensureWorktree({
+      workspaceRoot: fx.repo,
+      worktreePath: fx.templatePath,
+      branch: 'feature/x',
+    })
+
+    expect(path.resolve(second)).toBe(path.resolve(first))
+    expect(git(second, ['rev-parse', '--abbrev-ref', 'HEAD'])).toBe('feature/x')
+    const wtLines = git(fx.repo, ['worktree', 'list', '--porcelain'])
+      .split('\n')
+      .filter(l => l.startsWith('worktree '))
+    expect(wtLines).toHaveLength(2)
+  })
+})