diff --git a/vscode/package.json b/vscode/package.json
index 3fbe32f..159e53c 100644
--- a/vscode/package.json
+++ b/vscode/package.json
@@ -286,6 +286,12 @@
         "category": "代码阅读",
         "icon": "$(beaker)"
       },
+      {
+        "command": "superpowers.codeReader.openChanges",
+        "title": "打开更改",
+        "category": "代码阅读",
+        "icon": "$(git-compare)"
+      },
       {
         "command": "superpowers.codeReader.stage",
         "title": "暂存",
@@ -1381,7 +1387,7 @@
       "superpowers.codeReader.copy": [
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.copyFileName",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^file( unstaged| feature)?( noted)?$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^file( unstaged| feature)?( deleted)?( noted)?$/",
           "group": "copy@1"
         },
         {
@@ -1391,17 +1397,17 @@
         },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.copyFileStem",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^file( unstaged| feature)?( noted)?$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^file( unstaged| feature)?( deleted)?( noted)?$/",
           "group": "copy@2"
         },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.copyRelativePath",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?( deleted)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
           "group": "copy@3"
         },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.copyAbsolutePath",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?( deleted)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
           "group": "copy@4"
         }
       ],
@@ -2220,29 +2226,34 @@
       "view/item/context": [
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.askPath",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?( deleted)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
           "group": "inline@0"
         },
         {
           "submenu": "superpowers.codeReader.copy",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?( deleted)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
           "group": "inline@1"
         },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.addNote",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && !(view == superpowers.codeReader.files && superpowers.codeReader.reviewing) && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged)?|folder)$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && !(view == superpowers.codeReader.files && superpowers.codeReader.reviewing) && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged)?( deleted)?|folder)$/",
           "group": "inline@2"
         },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.editNote",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && !(view == superpowers.codeReader.files && superpowers.codeReader.reviewing) && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged)?|folder) noted$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && !(view == superpowers.codeReader.files && superpowers.codeReader.reviewing) && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged)?( deleted)?|folder) noted$/",
           "group": "inline@2"
         },
         {
-          "command": "superpowers.codeReader.stage",
-          "when": "view == superpowers.codeReader.uncommitted && viewItem =~ /^file unstaged( noted)?$/",
+          "command": "superpowers.codeReader.openChanges",
+          "when": "view == superpowers.codeReader.uncommitted && viewItem =~ /^file( unstaged)?( noted)?$/",
           "group": "inline@3"
         },
+        {
+          "command": "superpowers.codeReader.stage",
+          "when": "view == superpowers.codeReader.uncommitted && viewItem =~ /^file unstaged( deleted)?( noted)?$/",
+          "group": "inline@4"
+        },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.addFavorite",
           "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\.(files|slot\\d+)$/ && !(view == superpowers.codeReader.files && superpowers.codeReader.reviewing) && viewItem =~ /^folder( noted)?$/",
@@ -2250,7 +2261,7 @@
         },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.copyFileName",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^file( unstaged| feature)?( noted)?$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^file( unstaged| feature)?( deleted)?( noted)?$/",
           "group": "copy@1"
         },
         {
@@ -2260,42 +2271,42 @@
         },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.copyFileStem",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^file( unstaged| feature)?( noted)?$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^file( unstaged| feature)?( deleted)?( noted)?$/",
           "group": "copy@2"
         },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.copyRelativePath",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?( deleted)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
           "group": "copy@3"
         },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.copyAbsolutePath",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?( deleted)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
           "group": "copy@4"
         },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.revealInFinder",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && isMac && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && isMac && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?( deleted)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
           "group": "fileManager"
         },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.revealInFileExplorer",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && isWindows && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && isWindows && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?( deleted)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
           "group": "fileManager"
         },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.openContainingFolder",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && isLinux && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && isLinux && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged| feature)?( deleted)?|folder)( noted)?$/",
           "group": "fileManager"
         },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.addNote",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && !(view == superpowers.codeReader.files && superpowers.codeReader.reviewing) && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged)?|folder)$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && !(view == superpowers.codeReader.files && superpowers.codeReader.reviewing) && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged)?( deleted)?|folder)$/",
           "group": "notes"
         },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.editNote",
-          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && !(view == superpowers.codeReader.files && superpowers.codeReader.reviewing) && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged)?|folder) noted$/",
+          "when": "view =~ /^superpowers\\.codeReader\\./ && !(view == superpowers.codeReader.files && superpowers.codeReader.reviewing) && viewItem =~ /^(file( unstaged)?( deleted)?|folder) noted$/",
           "group": "notes"
         },
         {
@@ -2333,6 +2344,10 @@
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.showReviewTests",
           "when": "superpowers.codeReader.reviewing && superpowers.codeReader.reviewTestsHidden"
         },
+        {
+          "command": "superpowers.codeReader.openChanges",
+          "when": "false"
+        },
         {
           "command": "superpowers.codeReader.stage",
           "when": "false"
diff --git a/vscode/src/codeReader/diff/diffBase.test.ts b/vscode/src/codeReader/diff/diffBase.test.ts
index ac710fc..a44cf2f 100644
--- a/vscode/src/codeReader/diff/diffBase.test.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/codeReader/diff/diffBase.test.ts
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ function source(root: string, label: string): DiffBaseSource & { fire: () => voi
   }
 }
 
-describe('预览对比什么：审查按位置，上一次提交看是不是从「未提交的更改」点开的', () => {
+describe('预览对比什么：审查按位置，上一次提交看是不是用「打开更改」打开的', () => {
   const review = source('/worktrees/issue-446', 'PR 目标分支 master')
   const head = source('/ws', '上一次提交')
   const bases = previewDiffBases(review, head)
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ describe('预览对比什么：审查按位置，上一次提交看是不是从
     expect(bases.diffBase(uri('/worktrees/issue-446/src/a.ts'), 'other')?.label).toBe('PR 目标分支 master')
   })
 
-  it('工作区仓库里有改动的文件：从「未提交的更改」点开的对比上一次提交，别处打开的不比', () => {
+  it('工作区仓库里有改动的文件：用「未提交的更改」文件行上的「打开更改」打开的对比上一次提交，别处打开的（含点这一栏的文件行）不比', () => {
     expect(bases.diffBase(uri('/ws/src/a.ts'), 'uncommitted')?.label).toBe('上一次提交')
     expect(bases.diffBase(uri('/ws/src/a.ts'), 'other')).toBeUndefined()
   })
diff --git a/vscode/src/codeReader/diff/diffBase.ts b/vscode/src/codeReader/diff/diffBase.ts
index 0710750..1d10ae0 100644
--- a/vscode/src/codeReader/diff/diffBase.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/codeReader/diff/diffBase.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { Disposable } from 'vscode'
 
 /**
  * 对比基准：预览拿它取这个文件改之前的样子，和现在的比出差异。
- * 给哪个基准见 [previewDiffBases]：审查工作副本里的对比 PR 的目标分支，从「未提交的更改」一栏点开的有改动的文件对比上一次提交。
+ * 给哪个基准见 [previewDiffBases]：审查工作副本里的对比 PR 的目标分支，用「未提交的更改」文件行上的「打开更改」打开的有改动的文件对比上一次提交。
  */
 export interface DiffBase {
   /** 筛选栏上「对比：」后面的字：「上一次提交」「PR 目标分支 master」 */
@@ -22,7 +22,10 @@ export interface DiffBaseSource {
   readonly onDidChange: Event<void>
 }
 
-/** 一个预览标签页是从哪儿打开的：从侧栏「未提交的更改」一栏点开的是 `uncommitted`，别处（主栏、收藏栏、点链接、跳定义……）打开的是 `other`。 */
+/**
+ * 一个预览标签页是从哪儿打开的：用侧栏「未提交的更改」文件行上的「打开更改」打开的是 `uncommitted`，
+ * 别处（点这一栏的文件行、主栏、收藏栏、点链接、跳定义……）打开的是 `other`。
+ */
 export type OpenedFrom = 'uncommitted' | 'other'
 
 /** 预览问对比基准的地方：同一个文件从哪儿打开的不一样，对比的也可能不一样；基准变了发 onDidChange，打开着的预览重新问。 */
@@ -32,7 +35,7 @@ export interface PreviewDiffBases {
 }
 
 /**
- * 预览对比什么：审查工作副本里的文件不管从哪儿打开都对比 PR 的目标分支，其余的只有从「未提交的更改」一栏点开的才对比上一次提交，别处打开的不比。
+ * 预览对比什么：审查工作副本里的文件不管从哪儿打开都对比 PR 的目标分支，其余的只有用「未提交的更改」文件行上的「打开更改」打开的才对比上一次提交，别处打开的不比。
  *
  * @param review 审查：工作副本里的文件给 PR 目标分支
  * @param uncommitted 工作区仓库里有改动的文件给上一次提交
diff --git a/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/messages.ts b/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/messages.ts
index 8698436..0a675d8 100644
--- a/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/messages.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/messages.ts
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ export interface StickyScrollSettings {
  * openFind：打开查找栏，由「查找」命令发给活动的预览
  * moveFind：查找栏里跳到下一处（step 1）/ 上一处（step -1）命中，由「查找下一处 / 上一处」命令发给查找栏开着的预览
  * displayNames：version 这份文档里显示成中文名的名字，查到一步发一步（先本文件定义的，再别的文件定义的）；不是页面上这个版本的不理
- * diff：这份文件相比对比基准改了什么（审查工作副本里的、从「未提交的更改」点开的有改动的才有，见 [对比基准](vscode/src/codeReader/diff/diffBase.ts#DiffBase)）：每发一份文档之后算好了补发，
+ * diff：这份文件相比对比基准改了什么（审查工作副本里的、用「未提交的更改」文件行上的「打开更改」打开的有改动的才有，见 [对比基准](vscode/src/codeReader/diff/diffBase.ts#DiffBase)）：每发一份文档之后算好了补发，
  *   基准变了（提交后 HEAD 动了、换了审查的工单、文件有了改动、这个标签页换了从哪儿打开）再发；null 是不比了（退出了审查、改动提交了、从别处点开了）
  * openedFrom：这个标签页是从哪儿打开的，页面记进自己的状态，VS Code 重启后恢复这个标签页时随 ready 报回来；ready 后发一次，开着时又从侧栏点开、换了从哪儿打开的再发
  * repoLinksChecked：id 那次 checkRepoLinks 的回答，missing 是仓库里没有的路径，unresolved 是找不到的不带路径的引用（原样带回问的那几条）
diff --git a/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/openTarget.test.ts b/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/openTarget.test.ts
index 422f67c..500c91b 100644
--- a/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/openTarget.test.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/openTarget.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 import type { Uri } from 'vscode'
-import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
-import { Range, workspace } from 'vscode'
-import { languageOf, linesSpot, openingFor } from './openTarget'
+import type { PreviewEditorProvider } from './previewEditor'
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { commands, Range, workspace } from 'vscode'
+import { languageOf, linesSpot, openFile, openingFor } from './openTarget'
 
 vi.mock('vscode', () => ({
+  commands: { executeCommand: vi.fn() },
   workspace: { openTextDocument: vi.fn() },
   Range: class {
     readonly start: { line: number, character: number }
@@ -77,3 +79,58 @@ describe('文件的语言', () => {
     expect(await languageOf({} as Uri)).toBeUndefined()
   })
 })
+
+describe('侧栏打开文件', () => {
+  const uri = { path: '/ws/src/a' } as Uri
+  const executeCommand = vi.mocked(commands.executeCommand)
+  const previews = { open: vi.fn<PreviewEditorProvider['open']>(async () => {}) }
+
+  /** VS Code 把这个文件认成 languageId；undefined 是打不开成文本（图片等） */
+  function languageIs(languageId: string | undefined): void {
+    const openTextDocument = vi.mocked(workspace.openTextDocument)
+    if (languageId === undefined)
+      openTextDocument.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('binary'))
+    else
+      openTextDocument.mockResolvedValueOnce({ languageId } as Awaited<ReturnType<typeof workspace.openTextDocument>>)
+  }
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    executeCommand.mockClear()
+    previews.open.mockClear()
+  })
+
+  it('「打开更改」：语言有代码阅读的用预览打开，带上 uncommitted（预览对比上一次提交）', async () => {
+    languageIs('python')
+    await openFile(uri, 'uncommitted', supports, previews)
+    expect(previews.open).toHaveBeenCalledWith(uri, { from: 'uncommitted' })
+    expect(executeCommand).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('「打开更改」：预览打不开的（语言没有代码阅读、打不开成文本）用 VS Code 自带的差异视图', async () => {
+    for (const languageId of ['c', undefined]) {
+      languageIs(languageId)
+      await openFile(uri, 'uncommitted', supports, previews)
+      expect(executeCommand).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith('git.openChange', uri)
+    }
+    expect(previews.open).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('点文件行：语言有代码阅读的用预览打开、带上 other（不标差异），没有的用 VS Code 默认的打开方式', async () => {
+    languageIs('python')
+    await openFile(uri, 'other', supports, previews)
+    expect(previews.open).toHaveBeenCalledWith(uri, { from: 'other' })
+    languageIs('c')
+    await openFile(uri, 'other', supports, previews)
+    expect(executeCommand).toHaveBeenCalledWith('vscode.open', uri, undefined)
+    expect(executeCommand).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith('git.openChange', expect.anything())
+  })
+
+  it('给了位置：预览滚过去、闪这处定义，普通编辑器选中它', async () => {
+    languageIs('python')
+    await openFile(uri, 'other', supports, previews, spot)
+    expect(previews.open).toHaveBeenCalledWith(uri, { from: 'other', reveal: { line: 41, definition: 1200 } })
+    languageIs('c')
+    await openFile(uri, 'other', supports, previews, spot)
+    expect(executeCommand).toHaveBeenCalledWith('vscode.open', uri, { selection: range })
+  })
+})
diff --git a/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/openTarget.ts b/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/openTarget.ts
index 2654101..9e5db8a 100644
--- a/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/openTarget.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/openTarget.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import type { Uri } from 'vscode'
+import type { OpenedFrom } from '../diff/diffBase'
 import type { LineRange, Reveal } from './messages'
-import { Range, workspace } from 'vscode'
+import type { PreviewEditorProvider } from './previewEditor'
+import { commands, Range, workspace } from 'vscode'
 
 /**
  * 别的文件里要打开的一处：普通编辑器选中 `range`；预览按 `offset`（定义处的下标）滚过去、闪这处定义。
@@ -29,6 +31,29 @@ export function openingFor(languageId: string | undefined, supports: (languageId
   return { kind: 'default', ...(spot && { selection: spot.range }) }
 }
 
+/**
+ * 侧栏打开一个文件（点文件行、点「打开更改」、点「了解一块代码」栏里的一条）：语言受支持的用预览打开，告诉预览是从哪儿打开的；
+ * 预览打不开的（见 [openingFor]），从「打开更改」来的用 VS Code 自带的差异视图看这个文件的改动，别处来的用 VS Code 默认的打开方式。
+ *
+ * @param uri 要打开的文件
+ * @param from 从哪儿打开的：`uncommitted` 时预览标出和上一次提交的差异
+ * @param supports 这种语言有没有代码阅读
+ * @param previews 语言受支持时用它打开预览
+ * @param spot 要跳到的那一处（预览滚过去、闪一下，普通编辑器选中它）；只打开文件时没有
+ */
+export async function openFile(uri: Uri, from: OpenedFrom, supports: (languageId: string) => boolean, previews: Pick<PreviewEditorProvider, 'open'>, spot?: TargetSpot): Promise<void> {
+  const opening = openingFor(await languageOf(uri), supports, spot)
+  if (opening.kind === 'preview') {
+    await previews.open(uri, { from, ...(opening.reveal && { reveal: opening.reveal }) })
+    return
+  }
+  if (from === 'uncommitted') {
+    await commands.executeCommand('git.openChange', uri)
+    return
+  }
+  await commands.executeCommand('vscode.open', uri, opening.selection && { selection: opening.selection })
+}
+
 /** 预览怎么滚到这一处：有 `offset` 的跳到定义，没有的跳到 `range` 那几行。 */
 export function revealOf({ range, offset }: TargetSpot): Reveal {
   return offset === undefined ? { line: range.start.line, endLine: range.end.line } : { line: range.start.line, definition: offset }
diff --git a/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/previewEditor.test.ts b/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/previewEditor.test.ts
index 127d0e3..5c55d53 100644
--- a/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/previewEditor.test.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/codeReader/editor/previewEditor.test.ts
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ function themeColors(colors: CodeColors) {
   }
 }
 
-/** 对比基准只认从「未提交的更改」点开的：从那儿点开的对比上一次提交，别处打开的不比 */
+/** 对比基准只认用「未提交的更改」文件行上的「打开更改」打开的：这样打开的对比上一次提交，别处打开的不比 */
 function opening(profiles = { ask: profileSet(''), rewrite: profileSet('') }, colors = themeColors(COLORS), languageFor: (languageId: string) => unknown = () => undefined) {
   const subscribe = () => ({ dispose: () => {} })
   const diffBase = vi.fn((_uri: unknown, from: OpenedFrom): DiffBase | undefined => from === 'uncommitted' ? HEAD_BASE : undefined)
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ function edit(document: { version: number }, version: number): void {
 const comparedWithHead = expect.objectContaining({ type: 'diff', diff: expect.objectContaining({ base: '上一次提交' }) })
 
 describe('预览对比什么看这个标签页是从哪儿打开的', () => {
-  it('从「未提交的更改」点开的新预览对比上一次提交，页面记下是从哪儿打开的', async () => {
+  it('用「打开更改」打开的新预览对比上一次提交，页面记下是从哪儿打开的', async () => {
     const { provider, document } = opening()
     const page = tab()
     await provider.open(document.uri as never, { from: 'uncommitted' }, async () => provider.resolveCustomTextEditor(document as never, page.panel))
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ describe('预览对比什么看这个标签页是从哪儿打开的', () => {
     expect(diffBase).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(document.uri, 'uncommitted')
   })
 
-  it('开着的预览再从主栏点开就不比，再从「未提交的更改」点开又比；页面重新加载后按它记着的照旧比', async () => {
+  it('开着的预览再点文件行打开就不比，再点「打开更改」又比；页面重新加载后按它记着的照旧比', async () => {
     const { provider, document } = opening()
     const page = tab()
     await provider.open(document.uri as never, { from: 'uncommitted' }, async () => provider.resolveCustomTextEditor(document as never, page.panel))
diff --git a/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/fileEntries.test.ts b/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/fileEntries.test.ts
index 61c4445..d187fc8 100644
--- a/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/fileEntries.test.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/fileEntries.test.ts
@@ -34,6 +34,13 @@ describe('行的 contextValue', () => {
     expect(entryContext({ isDirectory: true, isRoot: false }, 'unstaged')).toBe('folder')
     expect(entryContext({ isDirectory: true, isRoot: true }, 'unstaged')).toBe('root')
   })
+
+  it('删掉的文件行最后带 deleted（菜单按它不挂「打开更改」），改了、新加的不带', () => {
+    expect(entryContext({ isDirectory: false, isRoot: false, change: 'D' })).toBe('file deleted')
+    expect(entryContext({ isDirectory: false, isRoot: false, change: 'D' }, 'unstaged')).toBe('file unstaged deleted')
+    expect(entryContext({ isDirectory: false, isRoot: false, change: 'M' }, 'unstaged')).toBe('file unstaged')
+    expect(entryContext({ isDirectory: false, isRoot: false, change: 'A' })).toBe('file')
+  })
 })
 
 describe('files.exclude', () => {
diff --git a/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/fileEntries.ts b/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/fileEntries.ts
index f089bac..601376a 100644
--- a/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/fileEntries.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/fileEntries.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { FileChange } from './changedTree'
 import { Minimatch } from 'minimatch'
 
 export interface DirEntry { name: string, isDirectory: boolean }
@@ -15,16 +16,20 @@ export function sortEntries<T extends DirEntry>(entries: T[]): T[] {
 /** 分组行（「暂存的更改」「更改」）的 contextValue：不挂任何行菜单。 */
 export const GROUP_CONTEXT = 'group'
 
+/** 删掉的文件那一行的 contextValue 最后带的标记：菜单按它不挂打开它的按钮（它没有内容可打开）。 */
+const DELETED_MARKER = 'deleted'
+
 /**
  * 树上一行的 contextValue：菜单的 when 子句按它分工作区根、目录、文件。
- * 文件行可以带一个标记（「更改」区里能暂存的是 `file unstaged`），菜单按它给这些行多挂按钮；目录、根不带。
+ * 文件行可以带一个标记（「更改」区里能暂存的是 `file unstaged`），菜单按它给这些行多挂按钮；删掉的文件行最后再带上 `deleted`（`file unstaged deleted`）；目录、根都不带。
  */
-export function entryContext(entry: { isDirectory: boolean, isRoot: boolean }, fileMarker?: string): string {
+export function entryContext(entry: { isDirectory: boolean, isRoot: boolean, change?: FileChange }, fileMarker?: string): string {
   if (entry.isRoot)
     return 'root'
   if (entry.isDirectory)
     return 'folder'
-  return fileMarker ? `file ${fileMarker}` : 'file'
+  const file = fileMarker ? `file ${fileMarker}` : 'file'
+  return entry.change === 'D' ? `${file} ${DELETED_MARKER}` : file
 }
 
 /** `files.exclude` 的值：true 排除；false 不排除；`{ when }` 只在有对应的兄弟文件时排除。 */
diff --git a/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/fileTree.test.ts b/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/fileTree.test.ts
index 93b9a09..261ee6a 100644
--- a/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/fileTree.test.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/fileTree.test.ts
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ describe('收藏栏：一个目录下的完整文件树', () => {
 })
 
 describe('点文件打开', () => {
-  it('命令带上文件和这一栏的 from：「未提交的更改」那一栏的是 uncommitted；删掉的文件不挂命令', async () => {
+  it('命令带上文件和这一栏给的 from；删掉的文件不挂命令，行的 contextValue 带 deleted（菜单按它不挂「打开更改」）', async () => {
     const files = new FileTreeProvider({ command: 'open', from: 'uncommitted' }, decorator)
     files.show({ kind: 'changes', view: [{ label: '更改', roots: [{ folder, tree: buildChangedTree([
       { path: 'backend/src/gate.py', change: 'M' },
@@ -260,6 +260,8 @@ describe('点文件打开', () => {
 
     expect(files.getTreeItem(gate!).command).toEqual({ command: 'open', title: '打开', arguments: [gate!.uri, 'uncommitted'] })
     expect(files.getTreeItem(readme!).command).toBeUndefined()
+    expect(files.getTreeItem(gate!).contextValue).toBe('file')
+    expect(files.getTreeItem(readme!).contextValue).toBe('file deleted')
   })
 
   it('别的栏的是 other', async () => {
diff --git a/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/rowMenus.test.ts b/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/rowMenus.test.ts
index 18fb04b..6bffdaf 100644
--- a/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/rowMenus.test.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/codeReader/explorer/rowMenus.test.ts
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ const COPY_MENU = 'superpowers.codeReader.copy'
 const ADD_NOTE = 'superpowers.codeReader.addNote'
 const EDIT_NOTE = 'superpowers.codeReader.editNote'
 const STAGE = 'superpowers.codeReader.stage'
+const OPEN_CHANGES = 'superpowers.codeReader.openChanges'
 const ASK = 'superpowers.codeReader.askPath'
 const ADD_FAVORITE = 'superpowers.codeReader.addFavorite'
 
@@ -114,6 +115,9 @@ const folder = entryContext({ isDirectory: true, isRoot: false })
 const root = entryContext({ isDirectory: true, isRoot: true })
 /** 「未提交的更改」里「更改」组的文件行 */
 const unstaged = entryContext({ isDirectory: false, isRoot: false }, UNSTAGED_MARKER)
+/** 删掉的文件行：「暂存的更改」组的、「更改」组的 */
+const deleted = entryContext({ isDirectory: false, isRoot: false, change: 'D' })
+const unstagedDeleted = entryContext({ isDirectory: false, isRoot: false, change: 'D' }, UNSTAGED_MARKER)
 const noted = (context: string): string => rowDecoration(context, 'x', '注释', undefined)!.contextValue
 
 const orderOf = (item: MenuItem): number => Number(item.group?.split('@')[1] ?? 0)
@@ -161,10 +165,11 @@ describe('菜单的 when 子句', () => {
 })
 
 describe('侧栏行尾按钮', () => {
-  it('每一栏都是先「问 AI」再「复制」再注释：没注释的是「添加注释」，有注释的是「编辑注释」；根都没有', () => {
+  it('每一栏都是先「问 AI」再「复制」再注释：没注释的是「添加注释」，有注释的是「编辑注释」（「未提交的更改」的文件行后面还有「打开更改」）；根都没有', () => {
     for (const view of READER_VIEWS) {
-      expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', file, view)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, ADD_NOTE])
-      expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', noted(file), view)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, EDIT_NOTE])
+      const openChanges = view === UNCOMMITTED ? [OPEN_CHANGES] : []
+      expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', file, view)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, ADD_NOTE, ...openChanges])
+      expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', noted(file), view)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, EDIT_NOTE, ...openChanges])
       expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', root, view)).toEqual([])
     }
   })
@@ -177,15 +182,36 @@ describe('侧栏行尾按钮', () => {
     expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', folder, UNCOMMITTED)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, ADD_NOTE])
   })
 
-  it('「未提交的更改」里「更改」组的文件行多一个「暂存」，排在最后；别的行、别的栏都没有', () => {
-    expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', unstaged, UNCOMMITTED)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, ADD_NOTE, STAGE])
-    expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', noted(unstaged), UNCOMMITTED)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, EDIT_NOTE, STAGE])
-    for (const context of [file, folder, root, noted(file), noted(folder)])
+  it('「未提交的更改」里「更改」组的文件行多一个「暂存」，排在最后（删掉的文件也有）；别的行、别的栏都没有', () => {
+    expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', unstaged, UNCOMMITTED)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, ADD_NOTE, OPEN_CHANGES, STAGE])
+    expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', noted(unstaged), UNCOMMITTED)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, EDIT_NOTE, OPEN_CHANGES, STAGE])
+    expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', unstagedDeleted, UNCOMMITTED)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, ADD_NOTE, STAGE])
+    expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', noted(unstagedDeleted), UNCOMMITTED)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, EDIT_NOTE, STAGE])
+    for (const context of [file, folder, root, deleted, noted(file), noted(folder)])
       expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', context, UNCOMMITTED)).not.toContain(STAGE)
     for (const view of [FILES, FAVORITE])
       expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', unstaged, view)).not.toContain(STAGE)
   })
 
+  it('「未提交的更改」里两组的文件行都有「打开更改」，排在「暂存」前面；删掉的文件、目录、根、别的栏都没有', () => {
+    for (const context of [file, unstaged, noted(file), noted(unstaged)])
+      expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', context, UNCOMMITTED)).toContain(OPEN_CHANGES)
+    for (const context of [deleted, unstagedDeleted, noted(deleted), noted(unstagedDeleted), folder, root, GROUP_CONTEXT])
+      expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', context, UNCOMMITTED)).not.toContain(OPEN_CHANGES)
+    for (const view of [FILES, FAVORITE, FEATURE]) {
+      for (const context of [file, unstaged])
+        expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', context, view)).not.toContain(OPEN_CHANGES)
+    }
+  })
+
+  it('删掉的文件行上别的按钮照常（问 AI、复制、注释），审查时主栏里的也一样', () => {
+    for (const view of READER_VIEWS) {
+      expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', deleted, view)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, ADD_NOTE])
+      expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', noted(deleted), view)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, EDIT_NOTE])
+    }
+    expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', deleted, FILES, { [REVIEWING]: true })).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU])
+  })
+
   it('分组行（「暂存的更改」「更改」）什么按钮、菜单都没有', () => {
     for (const group of ['inline', 'copy', 'fileManager', 'notes', 'star'])
       expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', group, GROUP_CONTEXT, UNCOMMITTED)).toEqual([])
@@ -199,7 +225,7 @@ describe('侧栏行尾按钮', () => {
   })
 
   it('「问 AI」文件和文件夹（含未提交、有注释）都有，审查时也不藏，命令面板里没有', () => {
-    for (const context of [file, folder, unstaged, noted(file), noted(folder), noted(unstaged)])
+    for (const context of [file, folder, unstaged, deleted, unstagedDeleted, noted(file), noted(folder), noted(unstaged), noted(deleted)])
       expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', context, FILES, { [REVIEWING]: true })[0]).toBe(ASK)
     expect(titleOf(ASK)).toMatchObject({ title: '问 AI', icon: '$(sparkle)' })
     expect(palette.get(ASK)).toBe('false')
@@ -209,7 +235,7 @@ describe('侧栏行尾按钮', () => {
 describe('复制菜单', () => {
   it.each([COPY_MENU, 'view/item/context'])('%s：每一栏都是文件四项、文件夹没有「不带后缀」，有没有注释都一样', (menu) => {
     for (const view of READER_VIEWS) {
-      for (const context of [file, noted(file), unstaged, noted(unstaged)])
+      for (const context of [file, noted(file), unstaged, noted(unstaged), deleted, unstagedDeleted, noted(unstagedDeleted)])
         expect(itemsFor(menu, 'copy', context, view)).toEqual(FILE_COPIES)
       for (const context of [folder, noted(folder)])
         expect(itemsFor(menu, 'copy', context, view)).toEqual(FOLDER_COPIES)
@@ -235,7 +261,7 @@ describe('复制菜单', () => {
 describe('右键菜单的注释', () => {
   it('每一栏没注释的目录 / 文件只有「添加注释」，有注释的只有「编辑注释」，根没有', () => {
     for (const view of READER_VIEWS) {
-      for (const context of [file, folder, unstaged]) {
+      for (const context of [file, folder, unstaged, deleted, unstagedDeleted]) {
         expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'notes', context, view)).toEqual([ADD_NOTE])
         expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'notes', noted(context), view)).toEqual([EDIT_NOTE])
       }
@@ -256,7 +282,7 @@ describe('右键菜单的「在系统文件管理器中显示」', () => {
     for (const { platform, command } of REVEALS) {
       const system = { isMac: false, [platform]: true, [REVIEWING]: true }
       for (const view of READER_VIEWS) {
-        for (const context of [file, folder, unstaged, noted(file), noted(folder), noted(unstaged)])
+        for (const context of [file, folder, unstaged, deleted, unstagedDeleted, noted(file), noted(folder), noted(unstaged), noted(unstagedDeleted)])
           expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'fileManager', context, view, system)).toEqual([command])
         expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'fileManager', root, view, system)).toEqual([])
       }
@@ -303,7 +329,7 @@ describe('主栏的审查工单', () => {
       expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', group, folder, FILES, reviewing)).toEqual([])
     expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'copy', file, FILES, reviewing)).toEqual(FILE_COPIES)
     expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', folder, FAVORITE, reviewing)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, ADD_NOTE, ADD_FAVORITE])
-    expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', file, UNCOMMITTED, reviewing)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, ADD_NOTE])
+    expect(itemsFor('view/item/context', 'inline', file, UNCOMMITTED, reviewing)).toEqual([ASK, COPY_MENU, ADD_NOTE, OPEN_CHANGES])
   })
 
   it('命令面板：「显示全部」、隐藏 / 显示测试文件只在审查时有', () => {
@@ -346,7 +372,8 @@ describe('「未提交的更改」一栏', () => {
     expect(titleOf(SHOW_TESTS)).toMatchObject({ title: '显示测试文件', icon: '$(beaker)' })
     expect(titleOf(REFRESH)).toMatchObject({ title: '刷新', icon: '$(refresh)' })
     expect(titleOf(STAGE)).toMatchObject({ title: '暂存', icon: '$(add)' })
-    for (const id of [HIDE_TESTS, SHOW_TESTS, REFRESH, STAGE])
+    expect(titleOf(OPEN_CHANGES)).toMatchObject({ title: '打开更改', icon: '$(git-compare)' })
+    for (const id of [HIDE_TESTS, SHOW_TESTS, REFRESH, STAGE, OPEN_CHANGES])
       expect(palette.get(id)).toBe('false')
   })
 })
diff --git a/vscode/src/codeReader/favorites/favoriteViews.ts b/vscode/src/codeReader/favorites/favoriteViews.ts
index 64ac884..f0641bc 100644
--- a/vscode/src/codeReader/favorites/favoriteViews.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/codeReader/favorites/favoriteViews.ts
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ export class FavoriteViews {
   /**
    * @param state workspaceState
    * @param pool 和「了解一块代码」共用的栏位
-   * @param openCommand 点文件时执行的命令，参数是文件 Uri 和 `other`（不是从「未提交的更改」点开的）
+   * @param openCommand 点文件时执行的命令，参数是文件 Uri 和 `other`：打开的预览不标差异
    * @param decorator 给行添信息（文件注释），和别的栏共用
    */
   constructor(private readonly state: Memento, private readonly pool: SlotPool, private readonly openCommand: string, private readonly decorator: FileTreeDecorator) {
diff --git a/vscode/src/codeReader/index.ts b/vscode/src/codeReader/index.ts
index cd0ff56..0264ba3 100644
--- a/vscode/src/codeReader/index.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/codeReader/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import type { ExtensionContext, Uri } from 'vscode'
 import type { CodeReaderApi, RuleLocation, RuleReference } from './contract'
 import type { OpenedFrom } from './diff/diffBase'
-import type { TargetSpot } from './editor/openTarget'
 import type { FileNode } from './explorer/fileTree'
 import type { FeatureRow } from './features/featureViews'
 import type { IndexedName } from './nameResolution'
@@ -14,7 +13,7 @@ import { previewDiffBases } from './diff/diffBase'
 import { BlockFilter } from './editor/blockFilter'
 import { FIND, FIND_NEXT, FIND_PREVIOUS } from './editor/findCommands'
 import { NEXT_OCCURRENCE, PREVIOUS_OCCURRENCE } from './editor/occurrenceNavigation'
-import { languageOf, openingFor } from './editor/openTarget'
+import { languageOf, openFile } from './editor/openTarget'
 import { PATH_PREVIEW_SCHEME } from './editor/pathPreview'
 import { PreviewEditorProvider } from './editor/previewEditor'
 import { EditorSwitch } from './editor/switchEditor'
@@ -73,26 +72,14 @@ const LANGUAGE_IDS_CONTEXT = 'superpowers.codeReader.languageIds'
 const FILES_VIEW = 'superpowers.codeReader.files'
 const OPEN_COMMAND = 'superpowers.codeReader.open'
 
-/**
- * 侧栏点文件、点「了解一块代码」栏里的一条：语言受支持就用预览打开、告诉它是从哪一栏点开的（`from`），否则用 VS Code 默认的打开方式（见 [openingFor]）。
- * 给了 `spot`（条目的符号在哪）就跳过去：预览滚到那一块、闪一下，普通编辑器选中那个名字。
- */
-async function openFile(uri: Uri, from: OpenedFrom, registry: CodeReaderRegistry, previews: PreviewEditorProvider, spot?: TargetSpot): Promise<void> {
-  const opening = openingFor(await languageOf(uri), languageId => registry.languageFor(languageId) !== undefined, spot)
-  if (opening.kind === 'default') {
-    await commands.executeCommand('vscode.open', uri, opening.selection && { selection: opening.selection })
-    return
-  }
-  await previews.open(uri, { from, ...(opening.reveal && { reveal: opening.reveal }) })
-}
-
 /**
  * 接入代码阅读：注册表、侧栏的几栏（主栏的文件树可以按审查工单只看 PR 改过的文件，常驻的「未提交的更改」，每个收藏目录、每个「了解一块代码」找的功能各一栏；
- * 行上有问路径、复制、在系统文件管理器里显示、文件注释、收藏目录）、预览编辑器（含问 AI，审查工作副本里的和从「未提交的更改」点开的标差异）、编辑器右上角的「预览 / 编辑」切换。
+ * 行上有问路径、复制、在系统文件管理器里显示、文件注释、收藏目录）、预览编辑器（含问 AI，审查工作副本里的、用「未提交的更改」文件行上的「打开更改」打开的标差异）、编辑器右上角的「预览 / 编辑」切换。
  * 内置的语言插件、翻译插件、库规则和命令规则与其他扩展一样通过返回的 API 注册。
  */
 export function registerCodeReader(context: ExtensionContext): CodeReaderApi {
   const registry = new CodeReaderRegistry(context.globalState)
+  const supports = (languageId: string): boolean => registry.languageFor(languageId) !== undefined
   const runtime = new TreeSitterRuntime(bundledWasmDir())
   const report = (message: string): void => logger.add({ level: 'warn', source: 'codeReader', message })
   // 有语言插件的按它的语法包解析，没有的（接口契约 openapi.json）用索引专用的语法包
@@ -121,7 +108,7 @@ export function registerCodeReader(context: ExtensionContext): CodeReaderApi {
   const favorites = new FavoriteViews(context.workspaceState, slots, OPEN_COMMAND, decorator)
   const features = new FeatureViews(context.workspaceState, slots, qa, item => locateItem(item, { adapterFor: languageId => registry.languageFor(languageId), runtime }))
   const heads = new HeadBases()
-  // 预览对比什么：审查工作副本里的对比 PR 的目标分支，从「未提交的更改」一栏点开的有改动的文件对比上一次提交，别处打开的不比
+  // 预览对比什么：审查工作副本里的对比 PR 的目标分支，用「未提交的更改」文件行上的「打开更改」打开的有改动的文件对比上一次提交，别处打开的（含点这一栏的文件行）不比
   const diffBases = previewDiffBases(review, heads)
   // 预览里代码的上色、卡片的种类色跟着当前颜色主题走
   const codeColors = new ThemeColors(readCodeColors)
@@ -158,7 +145,7 @@ export function registerCodeReader(context: ExtensionContext): CodeReaderApi {
     registerPathAsk(
       async (uri) => {
         const languageId = await languageOf(uri)
-        return languageId !== undefined && registry.languageFor(languageId) !== undefined
+        return languageId !== undefined && supports(languageId)
       },
       uri => previews.open(uri, { focusPath: true }),
     ),
@@ -188,7 +175,8 @@ export function registerCodeReader(context: ExtensionContext): CodeReaderApi {
     commands.registerCommand('superpowers.codeReader.refreshUncommitted', () => uncommitted.reload()),
     commands.registerCommand('superpowers.codeReader.hideUncommittedTests', () => uncommitted.setTestsHidden(true)),
     commands.registerCommand('superpowers.codeReader.showUncommittedTests', () => uncommitted.setTestsHidden(false)),
-    // 「更改」组文件行上的按钮传来的是这一行的节点
+    // 「未提交的更改」文件行上的按钮传来的是这一行的节点：「打开更改」两组都有，「暂存」只在「更改」组
+    commands.registerCommand('superpowers.codeReader.openChanges', (node?: FileNode) => node && openFile(node.uri, 'uncommitted', supports, previews)),
     commands.registerCommand('superpowers.codeReader.stage', (node?: FileNode) => uncommitted.stage(node)),
     // 目录行上的按钮传来的是这一行的节点；栏标题栏上的按钮不带是哪一栏，所以每个栏位各一套命令
     commands.registerCommand('superpowers.codeReader.addFavorite', (node?: FileNode) => favorites.add(node)),
@@ -201,12 +189,12 @@ export function registerCodeReader(context: ExtensionContext): CodeReaderApi {
       commands.registerCommand(featureCommand('remove', slot), () => features.remove(slot)),
     ]),
     // 侧栏各栏的文件行传来的是 (文件 Uri, 从哪一栏点开的)
-    commands.registerCommand(OPEN_COMMAND, (uri: Uri, from: OpenedFrom) => openFile(uri, from, registry, previews)),
+    commands.registerCommand(OPEN_COMMAND, (uri: Uri, from: OpenedFrom) => openFile(uri, from, supports, previews)),
     // 「了解一块代码」栏里的条目行传来的是这一行：按眼下的代码找到它再打开
     commands.registerCommand(OPEN_FEATURE_ITEM, async (row?: FeatureRow) => {
       const found = await features.target(row)
       if (found)
-        await openFile(found.uri, 'other', registry, previews, found.spot)
+        await openFile(found.uri, 'other', supports, previews, found.spot)
     }),
     // 标题栏按钮传来的是 (文件 Uri, { groupId })，原样转给 VS Code 定位是哪一组的哪个标签
     commands.registerCommand('superpowers.codeReader.showPreview', (...args: unknown[]) => switcher.showPreview(args)),
diff --git a/vscode/src/codeReader/uncommitted/headBases.ts b/vscode/src/codeReader/uncommitted/headBases.ts
index 76ca5fa..8ea2f79 100644
--- a/vscode/src/codeReader/uncommitted/headBases.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/codeReader/uncommitted/headBases.ts
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ function errorText(err: unknown): string {
 }
 
 /**
- * 工作区仓库里有没提交改动的文件，对比上一次提交（见 [headDiffBase]）；只有从「未提交的更改」一栏点开的预览来问（见 [previewDiffBases](vscode/src/codeReader/diff/diffBase.ts#previewDiffBases)）。
+ * 工作区仓库里有没提交改动的文件，对比上一次提交（见 [headDiffBase]）；只有用「未提交的更改」文件行上的「打开更改」打开的预览来问（见 [previewDiffBases](vscode/src/codeReader/diff/diffBase.ts#previewDiffBases)）。
  * 第一次有预览来问时才去读 git，读到了通知预览重新问；之后盯着 git 状态，改动、HEAD 变了都通知打开着的预览重新比。
  */
 export class HeadBases implements DiffBaseSource, Disposable {
diff --git a/vscode/src/codeReader/uncommitted/uncommittedView.ts b/vscode/src/codeReader/uncommitted/uncommittedView.ts
index 863c1db..b36c887 100644
--- a/vscode/src/codeReader/uncommitted/uncommittedView.ts
+++ b/vscode/src/codeReader/uncommitted/uncommittedView.ts
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ function errorText(err: unknown): string {
 
 /**
  * 侧栏「未提交的更改」一栏：照源代码管理视图分「暂存的更改」「更改」两组（空的不摆），每组下面每个有改动的仓库一个根。
- * 文件就是工作区里的文件，颜色和 M / A / D 徽标由 VS Code 自带的 git 装饰加上；「更改」组里的文件行上有「暂存」按钮。
+ * 文件就是工作区里的文件，颜色和 M / A / D 徽标由 VS Code 自带的 git 装饰加上；点文件行打开标准预览，要看改了什么点行上的「打开更改」（预览标出和上一次提交的差异，删掉的文件没有这个按钮），「更改」组里的文件行上还有「暂存」按钮。
  * 这一栏第一次露出来时才去读 git，之后盯着 git 状态自动重摆；隐藏测试文件的开关是这一栏自己的，按工作区记住。
  */
 export class UncommittedView implements Disposable {
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@ export class UncommittedView implements Disposable {
 
   /**
    * @param context 隐藏测试文件的开关记在它的 workspaceState 里
-   * @param openCommand 点文件时执行的命令，参数是文件 Uri 和 `uncommitted`：从这一栏点开的预览对比上一次提交
+   * @param openCommand 点文件行时执行的命令，参数是文件 Uri 和 `other`：和主栏点开的一样是标准预览，不标差异
    * @param decorator 给行添信息（文件注释），和别的栏共用
    */
   constructor(context: ExtensionContext, openCommand: string, decorator: FileTreeDecorator) {
-    this.files = new FileTreeProvider({ command: openCommand, from: 'uncommitted' }, decorator, { kind: 'changes', view: [] })
+    this.files = new FileTreeProvider({ command: openCommand, from: 'other' }, decorator, { kind: 'changes', view: [] })
     this.view = window.createTreeView(UNCOMMITTED_VIEW, { treeDataProvider: this.files, showCollapseAll: true })
     this.tests = new TestsToggle(context.workspaceState, UNCOMMITTED_TESTS, () => this.rebuild())
     this.disposables = [this.files, this.view, whenShown(this.view, () => void this.open())]
diff --git a/vscode/webview-ui/src/codeReader/BlockTree.tsx b/vscode/webview-ui/src/codeReader/BlockTree.tsx
index 478f951..999bb3c 100644
--- a/vscode/webview-ui/src/codeReader/BlockTree.tsx
+++ b/vscode/webview-ui/src/codeReader/BlockTree.tsx
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export interface BlockTreeState {
   temporary: ReadonlySet<string>
   /** 被正在编辑的祖先盖住、不画的块（它们的代码在祖先的编辑框里），见 coveredByEditing */
   covered: ReadonlyMap<string, string>
-  /** 代码差异：新增、修改的块和删掉的块；侧栏开着「未提交的更改」或审查工单、基准里有这个文件时才有 */
+  /** 代码差异：新增、修改的块和删掉的块；在审查工作副本里、或用「未提交的更改」文件行上的「打开更改」打开，且基准里有这个文件时才有 */
   diff?: DiffTree
   /** 「只看改动」开着时折起来的连着没变的块（见 foldUnchanged） */
   folded?: FoldedRuns
diff --git a/vscode/webview-ui/src/codeReader/pageState.ts b/vscode/webview-ui/src/codeReader/pageState.ts
index be8f986..0dcf51f 100644
--- a/vscode/webview-ui/src/codeReader/pageState.ts
+++ b/vscode/webview-ui/src/codeReader/pageState.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ export interface PageInputs {
   excluded: Excluded
   /** 跳到定义时临时露出来的块（目标和它的各层祖先），筛选一变、文档一刷新就回到筛选状态 */
   keep: ReadonlySet<string>
-  /** 这份文件相比对比基准改了什么：审查工作副本里的、从「未提交的更改」点开的有改动的文件扩展端算好了补来，不比时是 null */
+  /** 这份文件相比对比基准改了什么：审查工作副本里的、用「未提交的更改」文件行上的「打开更改」打开的有改动的文件扩展端算好了补来，不比时是 null */
   diff: DocumentDiff | null
   /** 「只看改动」开着（整个工作区共用，扩展端记着）；本地不改，改了发给扩展端、等它发回来 */
   onlyChanges: boolean
diff --git a/vscode/webview-ui/src/codeReader/types.ts b/vscode/webview-ui/src/codeReader/types.ts
index f36e91f..4e27d6b 100644
--- a/vscode/webview-ui/src/codeReader/types.ts
+++ b/vscode/webview-ui/src/codeReader/types.ts
@@ -497,7 +497,10 @@ export interface StickyScrollSettings {
   maxLineCount: number
 }
 
-/** 这个标签页是从哪儿打开的：从侧栏「未提交的更改」一栏点开的是 `uncommitted`，别处打开的是 `other`；页面只记着，重启 VS Code 后恢复时报给扩展端。 */
+/**
+ * 这个标签页是从哪儿打开的：用侧栏「未提交的更改」文件行上的「打开更改」打开的是 `uncommitted`，别处（含点这一栏的文件行）打开的是 `other`；
+ * 页面只记着，重启 VS Code 后恢复时报给扩展端。
+ */
 export type OpenedFrom = 'uncommitted' | 'other'
 
 /** 代码上色的几种词性（codeReader.css 的 --cr-<词性>），源码和译文共用；operator 用 storage 的，literal 用 number 的 */
@@ -531,7 +534,7 @@ export interface CodeColors {
  * openFind：打开查找栏（⌘F / Ctrl+F），聚焦输入框；页面上选中了一行字时先填进去
  * moveFind：查找栏里跳到下一处（step 1）/ 上一处（step -1）命中（⌘G / ⇧⌘G，Windows 是 F3 / Shift+F3）
  * displayNames：version 这份文档里显示成中文名的名字，查到一步来一步；不是页面上这个版本的不理
- * diff：这份文件相比对比基准改了什么（审查工作副本里的、从「未提交的更改」点开的有改动的文件才有）；每来一份文档之后补来，基准变了、换了从哪儿打开再来；null 是不比了
+ * diff：这份文件相比对比基准改了什么（审查工作副本里的、用「未提交的更改」文件行上的「打开更改」打开的有改动的文件才有）；每来一份文档之后补来，基准变了、换了从哪儿打开再来；null 是不比了
  * openedFrom：这个标签页是从哪儿打开的，记进页面状态；ready 后来一次，开着时又从侧栏点开、换了从哪儿打开的再来
  * repoLinksChecked：id 那次 checkRepoLinks 的回答，missing 是仓库里没有的路径，unresolved 是找不到的不带路径的引用（原样带回问的那几条）
  * repoLinkBroken：这个仓库链接打不开。没有 symbol 是文件或目录没有；有 symbol 是文件在、这个符号没有；没有 path 是不带路径的引用找不到，